Konica Autoreflex A Part Two

LIGHT MEASUREMENT AT FULL LENS OPENING

ELECTRIC-EYE PHOTOGRAPHY

(Light Measurement at Full Lens Opening)

In the event that a lens equipped with a fully automatic aperture under the Electric-Eye system and having an Electric-Eye mark, pictures may be taken under the Electric-Eye system while light is measured at the full opening of the lens and the viewfinder is brightened as a result of its full opening.

O The ASA and DIN scales visible through the film speed indicator window on the shutter speed dial indicate the degrees to which film is sensitive to light. The film speed of your film is indicated on the box in which it is contained and in its instruction booklet.

1 Set the film speed (ASA or DIN).

2 Determine the shutter speed.

Lift and turn the external ring of the Shutter Speed Dial 8, and align the reading equivalent to the speed of the film used in the camera with the index mark of the Film Speed Indicator Window. When they are aligned with each other, the ring drops and is fixed.

Turn the Shutter Speed Dial 8, select a Shutter Speed Scale 16 suitable for your subject and bring the reading with the index mark.

It is convenient to set the shutter speed to 1%250 sec. for outdoor shooting and 1 30 sec. for indoor s hooting.

v Make sure that the camera is correctly set to the speed of the film loaded in the camera. A mistake in the setting of the film speed will not assure correct exposure.

The figures in brackets are the readings for intermediate film speeds.

				METER COUPLING RANGE
				The meter coupling range of KONICA AUTOREFLEX A is, irrespective of the film speed, from 1/15 to 1/500 sec. of the Shutter Speed Scale (16i. Yellow digits, B, 1, 1/2, 1/4 and 1/8 sec. are not coupled.

				In the case of light measurement at full lens opening, the meter will be interlocked (coupled) within the ranges given below.
				With f/1.2: EV4.5 (f/1.2,1/15 sec.) - EV 17 (f/16, 1/500 sec.) With f/1.4: EV5 (f/1.4,1/15 sec.) - EV 17 (f/16, 1/500 ec.) With f/1.8: EV 5.7 (f/1.8,1/15 sec.) - EV 1 7 (f/16,11/500 sec.)

[3] Set the aperture ring to the Electric Eye.		[4] Train the camera at your subject and look through the viewfinder, and the meter will be visible in the field of view.
	Turn the Aperture Ring '12) and bring the Electric-Eye Mark 10) in line with the index mark. The ring clicks into position at any f-number calibration.

			If the Meter Needle (42) is visible within the correct exposure range, it will be possible to secure correct exposure. Focus the lens and frame the subject before the Shutter Button (1) is depressed to take pictures under the Electric-Eye system. 4www.butkus.org
				NOTE: Upon changing the film speed and the shutter speed beyond the coupling range, the meter needle swings, but it is advisable not to use the camera.

IMPORTANT POINTS FOR LIGHT MEASUREMENT AT FULL LENS OPENING
When under-exposure is recognized by the meter needle, select slow shutter speed. Whereas, in over-exposure, obtain fast shutter speed. In case the meter is within a correct exposure range, it allows making EE photography. On the other hand, if the meter needle is beyond the range, even changing of the shutter speed dial within a range from 1/15 to 1/500 sec., EE photography is impossible.
	In the event that you want to give priority to the selection of a lens aperture over a shutter speed because of your specific photographing purpose, turn the shutter speed dial while looking through the viewfinder and bring the meter needle in line with the reading of the desired shutter speed. Make sure at all times that the shutter speed dial clicks into position at the calibration of a desired shutter speed.

When the Electric-Eye system is not used .... When there is the need to manually control exposure due to a specific photographing purpose, turn the Aperture Ring ..12; to detach the Electric-Eye mark 10i from the index mark and an exposure is determined according to the Manual Aperture Scale 11:'. Here, the meter visible in the field of view serves as a meter which is coupled to the film speed, shutter speed and f-number at the full opening of the taking lens, and the Meter Needle (42) indicates a correct lens aperture. Read this f-number and determine a proper lens aperture according to the manual aperture scale.

TRAINING OF CAMERA




Hold the camera tight.
To take a sharp picture, hold the camera in a stable manner to prevent it from being accidentally jarred when the shutter button is depressed. Hold the camera in both hands and make it stable by holding it against the face and nose. Depress the shutter button with the bulb of a finger to release the shutter. 4www.butkus.org				It is more difficult to hold the camera vertically than to hold it horizontally. It would be advisable to get yourself accustomed to the vertical holding of the camera because there are many cases in which the camera must be trained vertically.

FOCUSING



Focusing is done by turning the Focusing Ring 9 and watching the Micro Dia Prism 45 at the center of the viewfinder. When the lens is not focused, the image looks rugged. The image is clearly visible, however, when the lens is accurately focused. The image in the rest of the field of view is also clearly visible. When an interchangeable lens, long in focal length, is used, it is difficult to observe the Micro Dia Prism. For focusing, it is advisable to watch the image outside the Mat Plane 46, To ensure the accurate focusing of the lens, it is necessary to correct the eyesight of the viewfinder. Eyesight adjustment lenses are available for short- and long-sighted people.


The viewfinder is of the single-lens-reflex real-image type. The image visible in the field of view, therefore, is the same as that exposed on film.


DEPTH OF FIELD
When the lens is focused on a subject at some distance, not only the subject but also a certain area around the subject will be sharply delineated in a photograph, and this area is known as a depth of field and has the following features. 1. The larger the f-number, the bigger the depth of field.

2. The farther the distance at which the lens is focused, the bigger the depth of field is.
3. When the lens is focused on a subject, the depth of field is bigger for the section in front of the subject than that behind the subject.
.4. The shorter the focal length, the bigger the depth of field is.
The depth of field may be ascertained either with the depth-of-field scale or with the manual aperture. As for details, reference is made to the table of depths of field.


Using the Table of Depths of Field: The Depth-of-Field Scale 22 is so calibrated that readings identical to those of the lens aperture are provided on both sides of the Distance Scale Index Mark '4Q'. After the lens has been focused, read this scale, and the depth of field will be the section sandwiched between the two readings of the used aperture.
For example, let us assume that the distance between the file plane and the subject on which the lens has been focused is 30 feet (10 meters). The depth of field will be 22 to 46 feet (7 to 16 meters) for f:4 and 13 feet (4 meters) to infinity (o) for f/16.

Infrared Film Compensation Mark: When infrared film and a red filter are used in taking infrared photographs, read the Distance Reading 23 aligned with the Distance Scale Index Mark 484 after the lens has been focused as in normal photography and then turn the focusing ring to bring this reading in line with the Infrared Film Compensation Mark 47 before the shutter button is depressed for a shot. 4www.butkus.org

FILM REWIND



After a pre-determined number of pictures have been taken on the film loaded in the camera, the film will be wound back into the original cartridge. If the back cover of the camera is opened without rewinding the film, note that the film will be exposed to light and the whole of the film will become useless.		[1] Depress the Film Rewind Button X30). Once it is depressed, the button remains sinking.
		[2] Flip up the Film Rewind Crank 13' and turn it in the direction indicated by the arrow mark inscribed on it. This action will take the exposed film back into the cartridge.
		[3] The film rewind action comes to an end when there is a sudden easing of the load on the film rewind crank. Open the Back Cover (32) and take out the cartridge.
* When the cocking lever no longer moves further after the advance of the last frame of the film, do not try forcibly to cock the lever but put the lever back to the original position.
		* The film rewind button which remains depressed will return to the original position when the film wind lever is cocked.
	Take the cartridge out of the camera in the shade.

B (BULB) EXPOSURE
Turn the shutter speed dial to align the "B" mark on the Shutter Speed Scale (16) with the index mark, and the shutter will be opened during the time when the shutter button is kept depressed and it will be closed once the finger is separated from the button. This process is usable when there is the need to expose film for more than one second.
K The bulb exposure is not usable in the electric-eye photography. Turn the aperture ring to detach the Electric-Eye mark from the index mark and use the manual aperture scale.
When a tripod is used, the tripod is screwed into the tap-hole on the underside of the camera. It is advisable to use the KONICA Cable Release designed exclusively for the KONICA cameras. 4www.butkus.org

SYNCHROFLASH PHOTOGRAPHY
When pictures are to be taken in a circumstance which does not permit Electric-Eye photography, such as at night and in a dark room, or when there is the need to use an auxiliary light during the daytime, use either synchroflash bulbs or electronic lights and take synchroflash pictures.


For synchroflash photography, use the Accessory Clip III on which either a synchroflash gun or a small electronic light unit may be mounted. As your camera is equipped with a tap-hole each for Classes M and X, insert the plug into the Synchroflash Contact Tap-hole "M" .6' for bulbs of Classes M and FP or the Synchroflash Contact Tap-Hole "X" 5) for electronic lights and bulbs of Class F.

	Exposure For Synchroflash Pictures
	The Electric-Eye system is not usable for synchroflash photography, and exposure is determined according to the Manual Aperture Scale ''11). The required lens aperture (f-number) is computed by dividing the guide number of the used synchroflash bulb or electronic
	light with the taking distance. For example, in the event that a bulb of Class M is in use and the guide number for the shutter and film speeds is 75 and that the taking distance is 9 feet, the lens aperture (f-number) will be about 8, whereas: 75-9=8 As regards the shutter speeds with which each synchroflash bulb or electronic light is synchronized, refer to the table.
* The guide number is shown on the package of each synchroflash bulb. A table of guide numbers is available depending on the synchroflash gun. Here, use this table.

LENS INTERCHANGE



To dismount the lens					To mount a lens on the camera
To dismount the lens, depress the Lens Interchanging Button (4), when the silver part of the lens barrel is gripped and the barrel is turned counterclockwise and pulled out of the camera as the red dots of the barrel and camera are aligned with each other. 4www.butkus.org					To mount a lens on the camera, bring the red dot of the lens in line with the Lens Mount Index Mark (red dot) (7) of the lens barrel and correctly sink it into the camera. Then grip the silver port of the lens barrel and gently turn the lens clockwise until it clicks into position.

NOTES:
* When the lens is detached from the camera, do not touch the inside of the camera.
* Prevent dust from coming into the camera and falling on the dismounted lens and see to it that the lens surface is neither scratched nor marred with fingerprints.

Manual Aperture

2. Determine the Shutter Speed.

(Stopped-Down Aperture Measurement)

Turn the Shutter Speed Dial 8 , select a shutter speed suitable for your subject and bring the reading of this speed in line with the index mark.

The lens is stopped down to measure light when a preset or click aperture lens is used or when the automatic aperture system may not be put to use due to the utilization of an extension ring or bellows.

3. Determine the Exposure.

Train the camera at your subject, look through the viewfinder and turn the aperture ring so that the Meter Needle 42 will come in line with the Index Mark 39; visible in the viewfinder. Correct exposure is assured when the meter needle is aligned with the index mark. Focus the lens and frame the subject before the shutter button is depressed.

1. Set the Film Speed (ASA or DIN).

Lift and turn the external ring of the shutter speed dial so that the reading of the sensitivity speed of the film used in the camera appears in the Film Speed Indicator Window.

IMPORTANT POINTS OF STOPPED-DOWN APERTURE MEASUREMENT

The stopped-down aperture measurement system has nothing directly to do with the aperture scale visible in the field of view. In the event that the meter needle does not come in line with the index mark even if the aperture ring is turned, select another shutter speed. If the needle comes above the index mark, pictures will be under-exposed. Here, select a slower shutter speed. If it comes below the index mark, choose a faster speed.

Q There is no aperture in microphotography. Here, pictures must be taken while the shutter speed and the lights are adjusted. 4www.butkus.org

Q When the lens is stopped down for a close-up, select a correct exposure while seeing to it that strong light does not come in the camera through the eyepiece.



When a manual pre-set aperture lens is to be used, set the pre-set aperture ring to the reading of the smallest aperture, before the ring is turned to secure a correct exposure.
In the event that the subject is moving so fast that there is the need for quick photographing actions, exposure may be determined by simultaneously turning the pre-set aperture ring and the aperture ring after they have been aligned with each other.

	Focal Plane Mark : The distances shown on the Distance Scale 233 are those from the Focal Plane Mark "--" 15' which indicates the position of the film plane.