To Part One  -  To Part Two

Trap Focus Shooting
The Yashica 230-AF features a trap focus system which allows the shutter to trip as soon as the subject comes to the distance at which the lens has been focused beforehand. If you use this technique, you can take photographs of nervous animals that are usually difficult to shoot. You need only wait for the subject to arrive in the scene with the fixed focus. Moving objects can also be shot at your desired distance and in the composition you like even in your absence.

1 After setting the Selector Lever to "MF", set the Focus Mode to " ". While pressing the Focus Mode Button, move the Operating Lever to show the mark " " in the display panel.

2 Set the Exposure Mode and Drive Mode and focus the lens. Set the desired exposure mode and drive mode depending on the subject and situations. Then turn and set the Focusing Ring to your desired distance or a distance at which your intended subject is expected to come. * You cannot use the self-timer and bulb exposure in the trap focus mode.4www.butkus.org

3 Place the camera, compose your picture and keep the Shutter Release in depressed position Face the camera toward the subject, choose your desired framing and keep the Shutter Release in depressed position with the Cable Switch. As soon as the subject arrives and it is caught in the Focusing Frame, the lens will focus on it and the shutter will trip to expose one frame if the Drive Mode is set to "S". If the camera is operating in the Drive Mode "C", it will take pictures one after another continuously while the lens is focused on the subject.

* While the camera is operating in the trap focus mode, its power switch remains on until the shutter trips.

* If you remove your eye from the viewfinder eyepiece when the Shutter Release is kept in depressed position, attach the accessory Eyepiece Shutter. For details, refer to the instruction sheet packed with it.

* To clear the trap focus mode after it was set, switch the Selector Lever to "AF"

* You can also use this trap focus technique with the AF Converter. In this case, first focus the lens in the "AF" mode and switch it then to the trap focus mode


Metering System
This camera offers two metering methods: center weighted metering and spot metering. Use these two methods depending on your subject and shooting conditions.

<Center-weighted Metering (Main Switch at ON)> 
This method measures the light with great emphasis on . the brightness of the subject in the central part of the picture frame and also takes the brightness of the surrounding area into account. It insures uniform exposure in the entire frame and reacts well to both bright and dark light, making it suitable for taking ordinary pictures.

Automatic Backlight Compensation 
Even if your main subject in the center of the viewfinder is backlighted, you can take beautifully exposed pictures of it because the exposure is automatically compensated. If the surrounding area is brighter than the center of the picture frame in backlighted situations, the camera will automatically measure only the central part so that the main subject is not underexposed.

Spot Metering (Main Switch at AE - L)>
This method measures only the central part of the picture frame to determine the exposure. If the subject is very bright against the background, such as a spotlighted subject on the stage, or on the contrary, if the background is too bright compared to the subject, such as a backlighted portrait, you can take sharp pictures using this method. It is also useful for producing a dramatic effect in your picture by setting exposure on a particular part of the subject.

* If you have selected the spot metering method, but if your subject is too dark for it, the camera will automatically switch to the center-weighted metering method to provide correct exposure.

AE Lock on Spot Metering 
When the Shutter Release is depressed halfway in the spot metering mode, the measured exposure value will be stored in memory. This is useful for taking pictures on spot metering in an edge of the picture frame.4www.butkus.org


Taking Pictures on Spot Metering

1 Set the Main Switch at AE-L and aim the I Focusing Frame at the main subject. Thus, you can set the exposure value of your subject by spot metering.

2  Depress the Shutter Release
First, depress the Shutter Release halfway. The spot-value will be stored in memory by the AE Lock.

If the main subject is not in the center of the viewfinder, move the camera so that it is located in the Focusing Frame to focus the lens on it. Then, recompose your picture with the Shutter Release depressed halfway and take it by depressing the button all the way.

* If you take continuous exposure pictures in the drive mode "C" with an exposure value of the subject fixed by the AE Lock, all pictures you take will be uniformly exposed, unaffected by changes in lighting conditions in the background.

Manual Setting of Film Speeds
If you are using non-DX-coded film or if you want to shoot with a film speed that is different from that of your film, set the desired speed by pressing the ISO Button and operating the Operating Lever.

· Film speeds from ISO 6 to ISO 6400 can be set in 1/3-step increments. · If you are using non-DX-coded film, press the ISO Button to confirm the ISO speed that is set. · Once a film is loaded and its film speed is set, the ISO value that is set will not change until the film is unloaded, even if the power is turned off.4www.butkus.org

Using the Exposure Compensation Button

If you want to take intentionally overexposed or under exposed pictures in the auto mode, or an intended exposure is not obtained because there is an extreme difference in brightness in the same picture frame, exposure compensation is necessary. If you press the Exposure Compensation Button, the mark "0.0" will appear in the viewfinder and display panel if no exposure compensation is made. To make exposure compensation, move the Operating Lever to the left or right while pressing the Exposure Compensation Button and show your desired compensating value in the display. Exposure compensation is possible in the range of +4.0 EV - -4.0 EV and can be set in 1/3-step increments.

After taking pictures with exposure compensation, always reset it: "0.0". · During exposure compensation, only the + or - mark will turn on in the viewfinder and display panel.

Depth of Field

When the lens is focused on a subject, not only the subject itself, but also a certain zone in front of and behind it will turn out sharp in the picture. This is called the depth of field of a lens and it varies as follows:
(1) The smaller the aperture, the wider the depth of field, and vice versa.
(2) The longer the subject distance, the wider the depth of field, and vice versa
(3) The zone of sharpness behind the point on which the lens is focused is wider than that in front of it. In the case of different lenses, lenses with shorter focal lengths have a wider depth of field than those with longer focal lengths.4www.butkus.org

The zone of sharpness can be checked on the depth-of -field scale of the lens. If you are using a 50 mm F1.8 lens and shooting a subject at 2 m with an aperture of F16, for the camera will turn out sharp. · Some zoom lenses are not provided with a depth-of-field

Dedicated Flash CS-110AF
The CS-1l0AF operates on a CPU-matic method. Because it takes its power from the high-performance lithium battery of the camera, its recycle time is very short so that you can take flash pictures one after another almost continuously.

< Flash- Range >   Click here for a chart
ISO     50mm F1.8          35-70mm F3.3 - 4.5

25 Approx. 0.7--3 m       Approx. 0.7--2 m

50 Approx. 0.7--4 m       Approx. 0 7--2.5 m

100 Approx. 0.7--6 m      Approx. 0.7--3 5 m

200 Approx. 0.7--6 m      Approx. 0 7--5 m

400 Approx. 1--6 m         Approx. 1--6 m

800 Approx. 1.5--6 m      Approx. 1 5~6 m

1600 Approx. 2--6 m      Approx. 2--6 m

· The illumination angle of this flash covers the field of view of 35 mm lenses. If macro pictures are taken with some types of lenses, however, it may not cover the entire picture frame because the distance from the lens to the flash reflector is short.

< Flash Mark and Automatic Shutter Speed Setting > 
The flash will recharge in about 2.5 seconds and, as soon as it fully charged, the Flash Mark " " will turn on in the display panel. At the same time, the shutter speed will automatically switch to 1/90 sec. if you are taking pictures in the auto mode. If you are shooting in the manual mode, the shutter speed will be automatically set to 1/90 sec. if it has been set to 1/90 sec. or faster, and to the shutter speed that is set if it has been set to a slower speed than 1/90 sec. The shutter will not trip and the auto-focusing system will not operate unless the flash is fully charged.

* If the aperture number blinks when the Shutter Release is depressed halfway, it warns that your subject will be underexposed because the flash light is not enough for it, or it will be overexposed because the amount of light is too much. In such cases, change the shooting distance so that the aperture number stops blinking.

After the flash is charged, if you do not take your flash picture immediately with the Main Switch on, check to make sure the mark " " turns on by depressing the Shutter Release halfway before you shoot.

<Exposure Guide>  If you are shooting in the manual mode with the dedicated flash CS-1 10AF, you can easily find the correct aperture according to the shooting distance (with an ISO 100 or 400 film). First, estimate the distance from the camera to the subject with your eye. Then, find a distance value that is most close to your camera-subject distance in the left side of the table. In the right side of the table, you will find the correct aperture corresponding to the ISO speed of the film you are using. If you shooting a subject at a distance of about 2 m with an ISO 100 film, for example, you can take correctly exposed pictures if you set the aperture to 5.6.

<Using Daylight Flash> 

In the following cases, you can use flash even in the daytime. By using this technique, both the subject and background will turn out perfectly exposed. (1) When the subject is standing against a bright back" ground, such as backlighted portraits and people standing in front of a window; (2) When the subject is in the shade of a tree, or when the subject's face is illuminated by sunshine filtering through foliage; (3) Portraits in the early morning, In the evening or on a rainy day when the light is faint.

Flash Photography with Dedicated Accessories

When flash pictures are taken with the CS-1 10AF using an AF Converter or AF Extension Tube, the distance data on the lens is not correctly transmitted to the camera. In this case, you will have to set the aperture manually because it is impossible to obtain correct exposure in the auto mode. To set the aperture, refer to the exposure guide or calculate the correct aperture with the guide number 11 of this flash. If you want to take auto flash pictures with an AF Converter or AF Extension Tube, use the flash CS-250AF and shoot in the "Av" or "M" mode. It will allow you to take correctly exposed TTL auto flash pictures.

* If you take flash pictures with the CS-110AF, caution is required because part of the flash light may be cut by the lens front edge with some types of lenses and in close-ups.



Taking TTL Auto Flash Pictures
Combined with a TTL auto flash unit, this camera enables you to take auto flash pictures based on a TTL direct light metering method. When the flash selector is set to AUTO, the flash mark " " will turn on as soon as the flash is fully charged. After making sure this mark turns on, depress the Shutter Release. The shutter speed is automatically set to 1/90 sec. in the programmed TTL auto flash and aperture-priority TTL auto flash modes. If you are working in the manual type TTL auto flash mode, you can choose any shutter speed in the range of B to 1/90 sec. The automatic flash range is very wide because the aperture is automatically set in the program mode according to the shooting distance (the same applies to the "TV" mode, too). As soon as the shutter is tripped, the required amount of flash is automatically adjusted by means of the camera's light receptor to provide correct exposure. After the flash has fired, the mark " " will blink for two seconds to tell you that your subject is correctly exposed.4www.butkus.org

· The TTL flash units that operate on a TTL direct light metering method, such as Contax TLA 30, can be used in the same way.


Battery Replacement
If the voltage of the built-in 6-volt lithium battery (2CR5) decreases, the mark " " will appear in the display panel and start to blink. Even if it starts to blink, the battery probably still has enough power for exposing two or three rolls of film (24 exposures). However, if you take flash pictures with CS-110AF, the battery will be drained quickly, so it is advisable to change the battery as soon as possible. If you continue to take pictures without changing the battery, the camera will no longer be able to operate at all as soon as the battery is completely exhausted.

· If the mark " " turns on (without blinking), the backup battery is worn out. In this case, contact your nearest Yashica Service Station.

· This camera has a safety circuit for protecting its microcomputer from strong static electricity. However, it may fail to operate, though very rarely, as a result of the operation of this safety circuit. In this case, set the Main Switch at LOCK, press the Program Reset Button and operate the camera again to take pictures

< Battery Precautions >
· Generally, the battery performance is reduced temporarily by low temperatures. If you are shooting in cold weather, use a new battery and keep the camera warm before shooting. Even if the battery performance is reduced by low temperature, the battery will function normally again if the temperature returns to normal.
· Wipe both battery poles clean with a dry cloth before use, because poor contact may result if they are soiled by sweat, oil or grease.
· If you are going on a long trip, bring a spare battery with you.
· Do not throw a used battery into fire and do not attempt to disassemble, heat or short the battery because it is dangerous.
· Keep the battery out of children's reach. If it is swallowed, consult a physician immediately.
· The camera does not operate if the battery is loaded with its plus (+) and minus (-) sides wrong.


Release Socket

The Release Socket accepts such remote control units as the Cable Switch L, Infrared Controller S and Radio Controller. It transmits electric signal from them to operate the shutter. · If you use the Release Socket in the focus mode "AF" or "CAP", caution is required because the shutter trips as soon as the lens is focused on the subject. If you do not want to miss any shooting opportunity, therefore, you will have to take pictures in the focus mode `'MF". · Do not connect a commercially available ordinary cable release to this Release Socket because malfunction may result.

Interchangeable Camera Back You can detach the Camera Back of this camera and install a Data Back DA-1 to print a date and time on your picture. It can be detached by pushing down the release pin.

ACCESSORIES

< Data Back DA 1 >  This is a quartz-controlled liquid crystal data back that can be used in place of the standard camera back and operates in full coupling with the body without cord. You can choose two printing modes for date and time. Its auto calendar enables automatic correction of leap years as well as months with a different number of days up to the year 2019.

<Flash CS-250AF>  Specially developed for Yashica auto-focus SLR cameras, the CS-250AF is a high-power flash with a guide number of 25 (35 mm, ISO 100). It is compactly built and provided with a zoom flash unit that can change the illumination angle to cover the angular fields of various lenses of 28 mm to 85 mm. It also has a supplementary light for the auto-focus system to permit focusing even in dim light so that you can take TTL auto-focus auto-flash pictures with ease. Because its flash head tilts upward up to 90°, you can enjoy sophisticated flash techniques such as bounce flash.

 

	<AF Converter 1.6>  If you attach this AF converter to Contax/Yashica mount lenses, you can take auto-focus pictures with them. It also extends the focal length of your lens by 1.6 times. Since it transmits various lens signals such as automatic diaphragm signal, you can take sharp pictures without detracting from the excellent optical qualities of these lenses.
	<AF Extension Tube MA-8.5>  Mounted between the camera and lens, this extension tube for autofocus SLRs enables you to take close-ups of flowers, insects, etc. with ease using the auto-focus system
	Focusing Screens--FA-4, FA-6 and FA.51 > Besides the standard focusing screen for auto focusing (matte screen), there are three types of optional focusing screens matte screen for the Data Back, sectioned matte screen and horizontal split-image/ microprism collar screen. They can be interchanged depending on the shooting object and the lens used.

Camera Care

· Do not leave the camera in hot places (on an ocean beach in summer, in a parked car under direct sunlight, etc.) for a long time, because the camera, film and battery may be adversely affected.

· After taking pictures at the seaside or on mountains, clean the camera thoroughly. Salt air will cause corrosion and sand and dust will adversely affect the internal precision parts of the camera.

· To remove dust and debris on the lens and viewfinder glass, use an air blower or a soft lens brush. If they are soiled with fingerprints, wipe off lightly with lens tissue. Remove dust and debris on the mirror with a lens brush.

· The lens and viewfinder may be clouded if the camera is brought into a warm room from outside where it is cold. This cloudiness will disappear soon, but it is always advisable to avoid sudden temperature changes because water droplets will cause internal corrosion.

· If you are going to use the camera for important events such as an overseas trip or wedding ceremony, be sure to test it beforehand to make sure it functions properly. It is also advisable to bring a spare battery with you.

· To clean the camera exterior, wipe with a soft cloth. Never use benzine, thinner or other solvents.

· The camera contains high-voltage circuits. In case of malfunction, never to try to disassemble it because it is dangerous.

< Camera Storage >

· Keep the camera away from heat, moisture and dust. Do not store it in a wardrobe drawer containing mothballs or in a laboratory where there are chemicals that will cause damage to it.

To make full use of the capabilities of this camera, it is advisable to use our interchangeable lenses and accessories. We may not be able to make repair for the damage or trouble that might occur with products of other makes.


Specifications:

Type: 35 mm focal-plane shutter, auto-focus SLR with automatic film advance and rewind.

Picture Size: 24 x 36 mm

Lens Mount: AF mount

Shutter Electronic vertical-travel focal-plane shutter (quartz controlled).

Shutter Speeds: 11200() to 16 sec. in auto mode, 1/2000 to 16 sec. and B (bulb) in manual mode

Shutter Release: Electromagnetic release with release socket.

Exposure Control: 9 modes of exposure control:

(1) Programmed auto exposure (P), 
(2) Shutter-priority auto exposure (Tv), 
(3) Aperture-priority auto exposure (Av), 
(4) Manual exposure (M), 
(5) Programmed TTL auto flash, 
(6) Aperture-priority TTL auto flash, 
(7) Manual type TTL auto flash, 
(8) CPU controlled flash (CPU-matie flash), 
(9) Manual flash.

Metering System: TTL full-aperture center-weighted metering TTL full-aperture spot metering (normal photography); TTL center-weighted direct light metering (flash photography); two SPD (silicon photo diode) cells.

Metering Range: EV 1--EV 20 (ISO 100, F1.8 lens).

Film Speed Range: ISO 25--5000 in DX auto mode, ISO 6--6400 in manual mode.

Autofocus System: TTL phase difference detection with CCD sensor located in lower part of mirror box; focusing is effected by depressing shutter release halfway; manual focusing possible; green LED turns on when subject is in sharp focus.

Auto-focus Sensing Range: EV 3--EV 20.

Focusing Modes: Auto focus (AF), continuous auto focus (CAP), trap focus ( 4' ) and manual focus.

Focus Lock: Activated by AF lock button. Focus is also locked by depressing shutter release halfway after subject is focused in AF mode.

AE Lock: Quantity of light on subject is stored in memory when spot metering is effected.

Exposure Compensation: +4 EV---4 EV (1/3-EV steps); provided with automatic backlight compensation on center weighted metering.

Self-timer: Quartz-control electronic self-timer with 10 sec. delay; cancelable in mid-run; operation is indicated by blinking self-timer LED and audible electronic signal; automatic AE lock on self-timer start.

Flash Synchronization: X contact; shutter speed automatically switches to 1/90 sec. with TTL flash when flash is fully charged; synchronizes at 1190 sec. or slower in manual mode; flash mark " " turns on with flash charged and blinks to indicate correct exposure after flash has fired.

Viewfinder: Pentaprism eye-level finder (long eye-point type), 95% field of view, 0.82X magnification (with 50 mm lens at infinity).

Focusing Screen: Matte screen with focusing frame and spot circle; interchangeable screens available

Display in Viewfinder: LCD display Exposure compensation, shutter speed, film speed, aperture, over /underexposure, front mis-focus, rear mis-focus indicator, flash mark, exposure modes (P. Tv, Av and M). LED display Green sharp-focus LED.

Display Panel: LCD display Exposure compensation, shutter speed, film speed, aperture, over/underexposure, exposure counter, exposure modes (PROGRAM, Tv, Av and M), ISO indicator, electronic signal indicator, battery check mark, film transport/rewind mark, flash mark, drive modes (C, S. Hi) ), focus modes (AF, CAP, ME and ).

Film Winding: Automatic loading with built-in motor; automatic film advance; automatic film positioning to first frame.

Film Rewind: Automatic rewinding with rewind switch; automatic stop when rewinding is completed; film can be rewound in mid-roll

Exposure Counter Automatic reset, additive type; counts up to 99.

Accessory Shoe: Direct X-contact hot shoe (with flash sync contact)

Drive modes: Single-frame shooting, continuous shooting and self-timer; continuous shooting up to about 1.8 frames/sec.

Camera Back: Can be opened by pushing down camera back lock; detachable; provided with film check window

Power Source: One 6-volt lithium battery (2CR5). 4www.butkus.org

Battery Check: Battery check mark blinks when battery voltage decreases.

Dedicated Flash CS-110AF: CPU-matic operation (variable aperture based on distance information); approx. 0.7--6 m flash range (50 mm F1.8 lens, ISO 100)

Battery Capacity: About 25 rolls of 24-exposure film can be exposed in AF mode (50% with flash)--according to Yashica testing standards.

Others: Direct contact for data back

Dimensions: 148 (W) x 93 (H) x 50.5 (D) mm

Weight: Camera . 530g (without battery)    f lash CS-110AF 50g

* Specifications and design are subject to change without prior notice.