Ricoh XR-M camera instruction manual, user manual, PDF manual, free manuals, Ricoh XR-X camera instruction manual, user manual, PDF manual, free manuals

Ricoh XR-M / XR-X
The these two cameras are identical,
the XR-X is European

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1. Attaching the Strap - 9

2. Inserting Batteries - 11

3. Mounting and Removing the Lens - 12

4. Setting Lens to the "P" Position - 14

5. Power On/Off Switch - 15

6. Monitoring Condition of Batteries - 16

7. Loading the Film - 18

8. Setting the Film ISO Speed - 21

9. Indications in Viewfinder - 23

10. How to Hold Your Camera - 24

11. Setting the Program for AE Photography

12. Focusing

13. Depth-of-Field Preview

14. Infrared Mark

15. Rewinding the Film

16. Self-timer Photography

17. Programmed Flash Photography (Using the Optional Speedlite PX)

18. Safety Lock (Up or Down Button)

19. How to Use the Multi-programs

20. Aperture-priority AE Photography

21. Shutter-bias Program AE Photography

22. Fully Manual Photography

23. TV Mode

24. Exposure Metering Systems

25. Reset Button

26. AE Lock

27. Exposure Compensation - 58

28. Interval Timer Photography - 60

29. Left Hand Shutter Release - 61

30. B (Bulb) Setting - 62

31. More Exciting Applications for the Camera with Speedlite PX/300P/260P - 64

32. Flash Photography with Other Ricoh Flash Units - 66

33. Flash Photography with Speedlite PX plus 300P - 67

34. Flash Photography with Non-dedicated Flash Units - 68

35. Flash in Daylight - 69

36. Shutter Bias Flash AE - 73

37. P-mount Adapter - 74

38. Dioptric Lenses - 75

39. Super Data Back 4 - 76

40. Data Back 3 - 76

41. Interchangeable Viewfinder Screens - 77

42. Speedlite PX - 78

43. XR Speedlite 300P - 78

44. Speedlite 260P - 79

45. Speedlite 200 - 79

46. Care of Batteries - 80

47. Proper Care of Your Camera - 81

48. Major Specifications - 82

Ricoh RX-M camera

Ricoh XR-M camera

<<< update - I have been told a Olympus and Pentax eyecups and other accessories will work on XR cameras >>>

Ricoh XR-M camera

1. ATTACHING THE STRAP

1. Remove the Battery Holder by turning the Battery Holder Screw counter clockwise with a coin. (Fig. 1)

2. Slip the Viewfinder Cap on to the strap. (Fig. 2) Slip Cap over Viewfinder. (Fig. 3)
Adjust strap so that it extends about 25 cm (10 I) from Viewfinder.

3. Run the strap down through the Upper Strap Lug until it protrudes about 8 cm (3") from the lug. Then feed the end through the Buckle. (Fig. 4.)

4. Remove Viewfinder Cap off camera, straighten out strap and attach other end to Lower Lug in a similar manner.

Ricoh XR-M camera
5. Adjust the strap length as desired.

2. INSERTING BATTERIES

1. Insert four fresh batteries into the Battery Holder, first checking that the + and - on each battery are lined up correctly according to the polarity diagram inside the Battery Holder. (Fig. 5)

2. Secure the Battery Holder to the camera body by turning the Battery Holder Screw clockwise with a coin. (Fig. 6)

Battery Choices:

* Four Penlight (AA/AAA) manganese batteries, alkaline batteries or nickel cadmium batteries. (We recommend Alkaline batteries.)

* Condition of batteries should be monitored frequently. See Section 6 for details.

3. MOUNTING AND REMOVING THE LENS

1. Pull off the Back Lens Cap to remove it from the lens. (Fit

2. Pull off the Camera Body Cap. (Fig. 8)

3. Align the red dot on the camera with the red dot on the 1' and mount the lens on the camera (Fig. 9)

4. Turn the lens in the direction shown by the arrow until it clicks into place. (Fig. 10)

5. To remove the lens, depress Lens Release Button, then turn the lens in the direction shown by the arrow. (Fig. 11)

* Conventional K mount lenses can be used in Aperture priority and Manual Modes but cannot be used for Programmed AE Photography.

* For best results, use Ricoh original equipment lens. Proper performance of camera may not always be assured with other lenses.

4. SETTING LENS TO THE P (PROGRAM) POSITION

1. While the P Lock Button is pressed, turn the F-stop Ring. (Fig. 12)

2. Set it to the locked P position for programmed automatic exposure photography. (Fig. 13)
* To unlock the F-stop ring from P. turn it while the P Lock | Button is depressed.

5. POWER ON/OFF SWITCH

1. Slide the Power On/Off Switch to ON. (Fig. 14)

* If you slide the Power On/Off Switch to the sound mark ·1)), a beep will be heard whenever the mode is changed, the self- timer is used, etc. Then you can audibly know that your operation has been made correctly. (Fig. 15)

* The camera is designed to shut off the main power supply automatically to save battery energy when the camera is not in use for about 30 sees. even if the Power On/Off Switch is left ON. This will turn off the top LCD Display, but the information contained in camera memory will be retained. Lightly press the Shutter Release Button to turn on the power and update the LCD Display. For maximum battery life, always turn the Power On/Off Switch to the OFF position when the camera is stored.

6. MONITORING CONDITION OF BATTERIES

1. Batteries are in good condition when the (full battery icon) symbol appears on the top LCD Display Panel. (Fig. 16)

2. When the batteries are nearly exhausted, the (blank battery icon) symbol | will be displayed on top LCD. (Fig. 17) Replace with fresh batteries.

* If a Non-DX film is in camera when the (blank battery icon) symbol is displayed, you may have to rewind the film manually
(see section 15) when you reach the end of roll.

3. When the batteries are almost exhausted, the interval winding starts to conserve the batteries remaining life by winding for 2 sec. and shutting off for 0.5 sec. in sequence. The (blank battery icon) symbol will blink in LCD Display Panel. (Fig. 18) If the battery outline ~ is flashing do not use flash until batteries are replaced. (Fig. 19)

4. When the batteries are virtually dead, the c symbol will appear in the LCD Display Panel. Replace with new batteries. (Fig. 20)

* If the c symbol lights for about one minute, then disappears, the battery is only capable of retaining camera memory. However, do not remove old batteries until you are ready to replace them with fresh ones.

The memory of the photography mode will be retained for about 30 minutes without batteries. If you replace with new batteries within that 30 minutes, the display of the photography mode left in the camera memory will again appear in LCD Display Panel.

* Cold temperatures will reduce battery efficiency. In freezing weather, the symbol may turn off and only the (low battery icon) symbol may show on the LCD Display Panel. If you are taking pictures in cold weather, keep the batteries warm and insert them just before shooting.
7. LOADING THE FILM

Always avoid direct sunlight when loading the film.

1. Depress the Back Cover Lock Release (Red) Button and slide the Back Cover Latch down. (Fig. 21)
2. Load the Film Cassette into the Film Chamber and pull out enough film leader to extend just beyond the green mark, against the Take-up Spool. (Fig. 22)

3. Make sure that the film is within the Film Guides, and that the upper sprocket edge is under the Guide Plate. (Fig. 23)
4. Close the Back Cover so that the Back Cover Latch snaps shut. (Fig. 24) The film will now automatically advance until number "1" appears on the top LCD Display Panel. (Fig. 25)

5. As soon as you close the Back Cover, the film speed appears on LCD Display Panel for 1—2 seconds. Then the LCD Display Panel will show the following signs (Fig. 26):

(1) Program mode

(2) Total number of exposures on film roll loaded

(3) DX verification

(4) Shutter SPEED

(5) Film advance mode (C/S)

(6) Film taken up onto Film Take-up Spool

(7) Film advance symbols (these symbols will flash in sequence toward the right to tell you the film is winding)

(8) Film Cassette loaded symbol

(9) Exposure Counter

* If display shuts off, lightly press Shutter Release Button to update LCD.
* LCD display data can be verified by checking the information visible through Film Loaded Window on camera back. (Fig. 27)

6. If the film has not advanced correctly or was not taken up onto the Film Take-up Spool, the Film Cassette loaded symbol will blink until the film has been loaded correctly. Reload the film by repeating steps 1 - 5 shown above.

7. If Non-DX films are loaded in the camera, no LCD warnings will be observed.
(The film ISO speeds must also be set manually. See next section.)

8. SETTING THE FILM ISO SPEED

DX coded films are provided with black-and-silver patterns corresponding to film speed and number of exposure on roll. The camera reads this pattern and automatically sets itself for DX films with speeds ranging from ISO 12 to 6400. (Fig. 28)

DX films
1. The film speed and the "DX" verification symbols are briefly displayed on LCD Display Panel. (Fig. 29)
* For advanced applications, you may wish to raise or lower the ISO speed of a DX coded film. This may be done by using the Exposure Compensation Adjustment Button. See Section 27 for details.

Non DX films

1. Press the ISO Button (under cover on top left of camera) to display the film ISO speed in the LCD Display Panel. (Fig. 30)

2. While keeping the ISO Button depressed, press the Up or Down Button until the desired film speed appears on the LCD Display panel. (Fig. 31)
* The digits of the film speed shown on the LCD Display Panel can be changed fast by keeping the Up or Down Button depressed.

9. INDICATION IN THE VIEWFINDER

1. Blinking AE Lock Indicator
2. Subtractive Film Counter Display (displays the last 9 frames with DX-coded films)

3. Blinking Exposure Compensation Indicator

4. Blinking Underexposure Indicator

5. Blinking Overexposure Indicator

6. Shutter Speed Scale

7. Slow Shutter Speed Zone (orange)

8. Manual Mode

9. Aperture Priority Mode

10. Program Mode

11. TV Mode

12. Shutter Speed Indicator

13. Flash Ready Indicator (lights)

14. Correct Auto Flash Indicator

15. Aperture Readout (Program Mode)

16. (Box with image of sun on right): Auto Backlight Indicator

17. (Box with dot in center): Spot Metering Indicator

18. (Box, empty): Averaged Metering Indicator

19. (Box with sun on left side): Fill Flash Indicator

* Viewfinder illumination

An auxiliary light turns on automatically when finder LCD is dark and difficult to see. If you can not easily see the LCD information in the Viewfinder, the light is also available by pressing the Depth-of-field Preview Button.

10. HOW TO HOLD YOUR CAMERA

(FOR SHARPER PICTURES)

1. Lightly put your right-hand forefinger on the Shutter Release Button while holding the camera body with other fingers.

2. Make your right arm comfortable, but keep it as close to your body as possible.

3. Cradle your camera and lens in the palm of your left hand, holding it so that the Focusing Ring can be easily turned with your fingers.

4. Brace your left elbow against your body and hold the camera comfortably against your face. Look through the Viewfinder to compose your picture.

* It is important to practice correct shooting position to avoid blurred or tilted pictures. (Figs. 33, 34)

11. SETTING THE PROGRAM FOR AE (PROGRAMMED AUTOMATIC EXPOSURE) PHOTOGRAPHY

In program AE photography, the camera automatically selects the F-stop and the shutter speed according to subject illumination. Programmed exposures are best suited for general photography of people and scenery. Special-effects shooting, etc., can best be done using the camera's many override options. Please keep in mind however that for most shooting you can just focus and shoot.

1. Set the shutter speed to AUTO by pressing/holding the Up or Down Button. (Fig. 35)

2. Set the lens to P. (Fig. 36)
3. Set the Program Selector to P (normal program setting). (Fig. 37)

4. Set the Exposure Mode Selector Switch to AUTO BLC. (Fig. 38)

* Refer to the Sections 19 - 23 for more advanced shooting modes.

12. FOCUSING

Look through the Viewfinder and turn the Focusing Ring until you obtain the sharpest possible image. (Figs. 39-A, 39.B)

1. Split image focusing spot: When both images in the split-image spot form a single, clear image, the subject is in focus.

2. Microprism focusing collar: When the subject loses its shimmering appearance, the subject is in focus.

3. Matte screen focusing field: When the subject loses its blurred appearance, the subject is in focus. Long focal length lenses and/or lenses with small maximum apertures may black-out part of the central focusing aids. When using these lenses, you must rely on the matte screen for accurate focusing.

13. DEPTH OF FIELD PREVIEW

In the Viewfinder you can visually observe the depth-of-field provided by the automatically or manually selected F-stop.
1. Manually adjust the Lens Aperture to the desired F-stop (or allow the meter to do it for you).
2. Press the Depth-of-field Preview Button. (Fig. 40)

3. Observe the results of increased sharpness on the (darkened) image in the Viewfinder.

General Guide Lines

When you focus on a specific subject often subjects in the near foreground and in the distance are also in focus. The region
of good focus has some measurable depth or depth-of-field. (Figs. 41, 42)
1. Depth-of-field is always greater on the far side of the subject you focus on, and shallower on the near side.

2. Depth-of-field is greater around a subject that is further away from the camera than one that is close to it (at a given aperture F-number) setting.

On many lenses, your depth-of-field can be checked in the following way:

1. Focus the lens on the subject. 2. The main indicator line opposite the lens focusing scale will show the actual distance to the subject.

3. A pair (or pairs) of lines alongside the main indicator will now show the range of subject sharpness on either side of the subject that will also be in acceptable focus at one or more aperture (F-number) settings.

For example, if you are using a 50 mm normal lens, set to f/16 and focused to 3.0 m (10 ft.), the two depth-of-field indicators (for f/16) will show a range of sharp focus from about 1.8 m (6 ft.) to 7.6 m (25 ft.). Subjects within this range will be in good focus. (Fig. 43)

14. INFRARED MARK

Always re-adjust your focus to the infrared focusing mark when

using infrared films and an R60 (or equivalent) filter. This is necessary because the image forming, invisible IR rays have longer wave lengths than the visible light rays you see and focus with, and the camera lens focuses them slightly further back inside the camera. Therefore, visual focusing can not be accurate without some compensation.

1. Attach the R60 fiIter and visually focus on the subject. Read the indicated distance off the lens barrel. (Fig. 44)

2. Shift that distance setting over to the red infrared index mark. (Fig. 45)

* Many lenses do not provide separate IR indicator, in which case some "Bracketing" of distance settings may be necessary.

3. Set the exposure in accordance with operating instructions | for the film. I

* Always refer to film instructions for special precautions and procedures when any infrared film is used.

15. REWINDING THE FILM

1. DX coded films will rewind automatically when you reach the end of the roll.

* Film rewinding is indicated by a series of three dashes flashing in sequence from right to left, while the Exposure counter is counting down. (Fig. 46)

2. When the film is fully rewound, the motor stops automatically and "E" appears on the LCD Display Panel. (Fig. 47) You can now open the Back Cover to unload the film.

* The Shutter Release is locked when "E" is displayed.

3. If you wish to rewind the film before the end of roll is reached, push the recessed Manual Rewind Button on the back of the camera with a pen, etc. for about 2 seconds. (Fig. 48) * When the DX symbol does not appear (such as when a roll of Non-DX film is in the camera), the camera will usually sense the end of the roll and rewind the film when it is no longer able to advance to another frame. If it does not, then you must rewind the film manually.

16. SELF TIMER PHOTOGRAPHY

The Self-timer is used to include yourself in your pictures and normally provides a delay of 10 seconds, other times are available and may be changed as follows:

1. Switch to single exposure mode. (Fig. 49)

* If full display information is not showing, lightly touch the Shutter Release to make the information reappear.

2. Press and hold the INT Button to display the interval time on the LCD Display Panel.

3. While keeping the INT Button depressed, press the Up or Down Button until the desired delay time is displayed on the LCD. (Fig. 50)

The LCD will automatically return to the normal display within seconds after the INT Button is released, and INT will blink to indicate that a special delay time has been set.

4. Press the Self-timer Button. The Self-timer Green Indicator lamp will blink and the Self-timer audible beep (if switched on) will be heard. (Fig. 51)

For the last 3 seconds before the shutter releases, the red lamp (and continuous beep) will warn you that the shutter will release soon.

5. To cancel the Self-timer after it has been started, press the Self-timer Button again or turn the Power Switch OFF.

* The LCD will display the actual count down. (Fig. 52)
* When using the Self-timer in all modes other than manual always use the Viewfinder Cap attached to the strap to covet the Viewfinder Eyepiece to avoid incorrect exposure due to stray light entering the Viewfinder Eyepiece. (Fig. 53)

* The Self-timer sound can be eliminated by setting the Power Switch to the ON position. (Fig. 54)

17. PROGRAMMED FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY (USING THE OPTIONAL SPEEDLITE PX)

The RICOH Speedlite PX is a powerful, but highly compact electronic flash that, when attached to the XR-M, become an integral part of the camera system. If provides a Guide Number of 12 m (Guide Number 40 in ft.) at ISO 100, and will cover the field of a 35mm lens, thus making it ideal for use with normal, wide-angle and compact zoom lenses such as 35—70 mm.

When the Speedlite PX is used on the camera, and the camera is set to program AE photography, the shutter speed and F-stop are automatically set.

Flash photography is a direct metering system and light is measured off the film plane to control the flash duration. This makes possible a world of special applications, as well as the ultimate in point and shoot simplicity.

1. Carefully align the Guide Pin with the Guide Holder while inserting the hook of the Speedlite PX into the holder of camera. Push the flash in the direction of the arrow until it clicks into place. (Fig. 55)

2. Set the shutter speed to AUTO by using the Up or Down Button (or the Reset Button). (Fig. 56)

3. Set the F-stop to P. (Fig. 57)

4. Set the Program Mode Selector to P. (Fig. 58) (See Section 31 for additional details.)

5. Turn the Flash Power Switch on. This will also flip up the flash head. (Fig. 59)
6. When fully charged, the Flash Ready Indicator ( ~ ) lights in the Viewfinder and the Flash Ready Lamp on the back of the flash lights. (Fig. 60)

7. Focus on your subject and press the Shutter Release Button to take your picture automatically. (Fig. 61)

8. If the flash exposure is correct, the Flash Ready Indicator blinks for about one second. (Fig. 62)

If exposure is not correct when it does not blink. Change conditions (F-stop, distance, etc.) and try shooting again.

9. To remove the flash, depress the Lock Release Button and pull the flash in the direction of arrow. (Fig. 63)

* When you are close to your subject, very little flash power is needed, therefore the flash recycle time will be very fast. If your subject is very far away, it will take more flash power to be properly illuminated, and require longer re-cycle times.

* The Speedlite PX contains no batteries. It obtains its power from the batteries in the camera's handgrip. If the flash recycle time becomes excessive, replace the camera batteries as soon as possible (using the battery indicator on the LCD to monitor battery condition).

* Do not use the Speedlite PX in combination with the Continuous Exposure Mode because the flash will be unable to recycle fast enough to make three exposures per second.

* Refer to the PX Flash Operating Instructions for more creative techniques and technical details.

18. SAFETY LOCK (UP OR DOWN BUTTON)

The camera is designed to prevent unintentional changes in shutter speed or modes by accidentally touching the Up or Down Button. In order to initiate any changes the Up or Down Button must be depressed for about one-half second.

* Any shutter speed setting may be locked in by pressing the Film Advance Mode (C/S) Selector Switch and U p or Down Button at the same time. The LCD will I now blink the setting you have locked-in. (Fig. 64)

* To cancel the shutter lock press the Reset Button, or push the Up or Down Button while keeping the Film Advance Mode Button (C/S) depressed.
19. HOW TO USE THE MULTI PROGRAMS

The camera exposure meters are designed to utilize a multi- program system. Three "customized" programs can be selected by the photographer according to taking conditions and subject. (Fig. 65)

A. P program:
An average shutter speed and F-stop are combined. This program is recommended for general shooting. (Fig. 66)

B. PD program:
This is used for shooting with maximum overall sharpness (increased depth-of-field), and is recommended for scenery or close-up shots. The resulting slower shutter speeds can also be useful to accentuate the feeling of motion. (Fig. 67)

C. PA program: This program provides higher shutter speeds, and is recommended for fast moving subjects, as in sports, car races, etc. This program also provides wider apertures and decreased depth-of-field. This will allow a less sharp background and is ideally suited for portrait taking. (Fig. 68)

To utilize any of these programs you must: Set the lens to P. Set the shutter to AUTO. Select the program with the Program Mode Selector Switch.

20. APERTURE-PRIORITY AE (AUTO EXPOSURE) PHOTOGRAPHY

In aperture-priority AE photography, the camera automatically sets correct shutter speeds according to your pre-selected F-stop number and the brightness of your subjects. This is suitable for photography taking advantage of specific depth-of-field requirements as in portraits or scenic pictures.

1. Set the shutter speed dial to AUTO. (Fig. 69)

2. Turn the F-stop Ring to set the desired F-stop number.

* When the Shutter Speed Indicator is in the yellow range, the shutter speed is too slow to handhold. (Fig. 70)

Either select a new F-stop or mount the camera on a tripod or other suitable support.

* When an overexposure symbol ( )
or underexposure symbol ( )
appears in the Viewfinder, the camera is unable to provide the proper shutter speed for correct exposure. (Fig. 71)

Adjust the F-stop Ring (to change the F-stop number) until you are able to obtain an acceptable exposure within the available shutter speed range and extinguish the over/underexposure symbol.

21. SHUTTER BIAS PROGRAM AE PHOTOGRAPHY

The shutter bias program AE photography is actually a combination of the program AE photography and shutter speed priority AE photography. (Fig. 72) Use this mode to avoid shutter speeds lower than the pre-selected shutter speed. This is particularly useful in sports photography.

For example, set the Shutter Speed Dial at 250 to avoid any shutter speed slower than 1/250 sec. When the subject is bright enough, any shutter speed between 1/250 and 1/2000 sec. may be selected according to the brightness of the subject. You will see the selected shutter speed as well as F-stop number in the Viewfinder. (Fig. 73)

If the brightness of the subject is not enough even at full open aperture, a slower shutter speed will be automatically selected to obtain correct exposure.

Set the minimum desired shutter speed by pushing the Up or Down Button. Your pre-selected shutter speed is shown by the blinking indicator on the LCD Meter Display in the Viewfinder. The row of indicators in sequence, short of, or beyond the blinking indicators, show a shutter speed suggested for the conditions. (Fig. 75)

22. FULLY MANUAL PHOTOGRAPHY

You may manually select the shutter and the F-stop number for unusual or creative picture taking situations.

1. Set the shutter to the desired speed using the Up or Down Button and information provided on LCD Display. (Fig. 76) Your pre-selected shutter speed will be shown by the single steady indicator on the Viewfinder LCD Display A second shutter speed indicator may blink to indicate the camera meters suggested speed at a given f-stop. (Fig. 77)
* The shutter speed setting will also be displayed in the Top LCD.

2. Turn the F-stop Ring until your shutter speed indicator and the camera meter's blinking indicator (showing suggested exposure) overlap each other. (Fig. 78)

This confirms that correct exposure is set.
3. Manually adjust the shutter speed to move the setting indicator towards the blinking indicator. (Fig. 78)
23. TV MODE

Use this mode to record TV images.

1. Select the TV mode by pressing the Up or Down Button until TV appears on either LCD Display.
(Fig. 79)

2. Set the Program Mode Indicator (on the Top LCD) to the type of TV system you are using by sliding the Program Mode Selector Switch. (Fig. 80)

Shutter Speed Program Selector System of TV Country

TV PAL PAL or SECAM in Europe

NTSC NTSC In U.S. & Japan

CRT Still TV images
(Used for computers, etc.)

3. Turn the F-stop Ring to P (Fig. 81)

* Indicators for TV mode, shutter speed and F-stop are also shown on the Viewfinder LCD. (Fig. 82)

* In order to achieve correct exposure, compose TV images to fill the frame.

* Use of a tripod is absolutely necessary for all TV modes, because the shutter speeds are very slow. Use of a Ricoh electronic cable release is recommended to prevent unintentional camera movement.

Compensation filters are available to remove the strong blue cast in TV images.

* Do not use any electronic flash when taking pictures off your TV the camera will not fire dedicated flash units in the TV mode).

24. EXPOSURE METERING SYSTEMS

The camera is designed with 3 types of exposure metering systems: center-weighted average, spot and automatic backlight control. Each system can be easily chosen by the Exposure Mode Selector Switch according to taking conditions, subjects, and experience.

1. Center-weighted average exposure metering system

Lighting situations vary and the camera provides you with the means to master them. Under normal conditions, center weighted average metering is most applicable and determines an ideal balance between subject and background lighting. (Fig. 83)
* This is a convenient metering system for general photography under normal shooting conditions. It measures the viewing area, emphasizing the center portion where the subject is likely to be, with diminishing sensitivity toward the edges.

2. Spot metering system

This is especially advantageous for photomicrography, photography of subjects on stage, etc. It measures the central spot (about 4%) if the total image area, as defined by the edges of the central microprism area for subjects which require selective measurement. (Fig. 84)

3. Automatic backlight control system
This is particularly effective when a subject is surrounded by an especially light or dark background. This adjusts the average reading to obtain proper exposure for the main subject.

Automatic backlight control (ABLC) is especially recommended for the beginning to intermediate photographer. It uses both the spot and average meters together to determine an ideal exposure.

Here's how it works (for the technically inclined):
1. First it makes and compares two separate readings for the overall average light level and
the central spot area.

2. If they are both similar, the average reading is used.

3. If the center is 2—3 stops darker than the overall average, the exposure will be increased by 1-2 stops above the average setting.

4. As the difference approaches 5 stops, the adjustment actually decreases in an effort to preserve the visual effect.

5. If the metering systems, on the other hand, find the center (spot) brighter than the surroundings (average area), the exposure will be decreased progressively, so that the background can go black, while preserving detail in the center (e.g. spot lit) area

* The effect of this programmed ABLC system is most pronounced at bright light levels.

* At medium light levels, the amount of correction is reduced somewhat, while at very low light levels there will be no correction at all.

25. RESET BUTTON

This button is used to reset the shutter speed, interval time, film advance mode or exposure compensation back to a default value. First, lightly press the Shutter Release Button to update the LCD with your currently entered information. Now you may reset one, or single values as follows:

1. Press the Reset Button (found under the Control Button Cover) to return all of the following items to their default values: (Fig. 85)

- Shutter speed to AUTO from any manually set time, bulb, or a TV mode.

- Interval Timer to 10 seconds from any manually entered time (0 to 3600 sec.).

* This changes (to 10 sec.) will occur whether the INT Indicator is blinking or not, and from any operating mode, i.e. Self-timer, Interval Timer, or Long Exposure (Bulb) Timer.

- Film advance mode to continuous - If presently set for single frame shooting.

- Exposure compensation to +/-0 from any manually entered value (O to +/-4 EV).

2. Press the Interval Timer Button (INT), then immediately press reset. 3. Press the Exposure Compensation Button (+ / - ), then immediately press reset.

* Reprogramming any default value may be done as follows:
a. Press and hold Reset Button. Then, ... b. Use Up or Down Button to select manual shutter speed, TV, etc.

c. Also press and hold INT or + /- Button and use Up or Down Button to enter new time or exposure adjustment.

d. Press C/S Button to select most used Film Advance Mode.

e. Release Reset Button to enter new default setting.

* Double, and Multiple Exposures my be made with the XR-M by pressing and holding both the ISO and + / - Buttons at the same time. This disconnects the film transport system. Now, the shutter may be released one or more times without advancing the film.
26. AE LOCK

When back light or spot light is given to the subject being metered in AE photography and contrast is excessive between the background and the subject, under or over exposed pictures may result. Use the AE lock to remember, or lock into the camera's electronic memory a close-up reading of the subject.

Example 1: When not using the AE lock

Example 2: When using the AE lock.

1. Bring the camera close to subject to the point that exposure will not be affected by the background (or use the spot reading).

2. Press the AE Lock Button once to memorize the exposure. (Fig. 86)

A flickering AEL is now displayed on the Viewfinder LCD. (Fig. 87)

3. AE lock is automatically cancelled after the Shutter Release Button is pressed for the exposure.

* To cancel AE lock without taking a picture press AE Button a second time.

* For a continuous exposure series under similar conditions all requiring the use of AE lock, you may wish to adjust your exposure using the exposure compensation feature instead.

27. EXPOSURE COMPENSATION

Any camera's center-weighted meter can be fooled under very extreme lighting conditions, or when attempting to read very light (e. 9. snow or beach scenes) or very dark (night scene) subjects. Also, when back or spot lit subjects are being metered in AE photography and contrast is excessive between the background and the subject, under or overexposed pictures usually result. Exposure compensation may also be used to intentionally take over/underexposed pictures for creative effects, and to adjust ISO speeds away from DX values.

Example 1: Without exposure compensation
Example 2: With exposure compensation

Exposure adjustment examples:

SUBJECT EXPOSURE ADJUSTMENT

Figures in back light
Scenery with much sky +4 to +1

Figures with snow mountains
or sea on the background + 1

Figures in spot light
(on stage etc.) - 4 to - 1

1. Press and hold the Exposure Compensation (+ / - ) Button. (Fig. 88)

2. Press the Up or Down Button until the desired amount and direction of the compensation appears on the LCD. Adjust meets may be made up to + / - 4 EV (stops) in 1/3 EV increments. (Fig. 89)

* Be sure to set it back to the "O" position after use. (See Reset Button section.)

* When the exposure compensation is set at positions other than 0, the + / - symbols are displayed on both LCD's. (Fig. 90)

* Remember that you must increase exposures to keep light subjects light, and decrease exposures to keep dark subjects dark.

28. INTERVAL TIMER PHOTOGRAPHY

The camera is equipped with a built-in interval timer. (Pre-programmed for 10 sec. delay) However, the interval timer may be set to automatically take pictures at regular intervals of 1 sec. to 1 hr. for time lapse studies, astrophotography, recording of wild animals, plants growing, etc.

1. While the Interval Timer Button is held down, set the desired interval timer by pressing the Up or Down Button. (Fig. 91)

2. Be sure to set the Continuous/Single Frame Button (CS) to Continuous (C) or you will only get one picture, after which the interval timer will cancel itself. (Fig. 92)

3. Press the Self-timer Button to start the sequence. An exposure will be taken at the preset interval until the film's end (Fig. 93), or you push the Interval Timer Button again to switch it off.

* To eliminate electronic beep sound during interval photography, be sure Power Switch
is in the ON (not ·I)) ) position.

4. The sequence may be temporarily interrupted, or cancelled completely, by pushing the Self timer Button once. (The Top LCD will return to its normal display mode with the INT Indicator blinking.) Pressing the Self-timer Button a second time will restart the sequence from the beginning.

* Pressing the Interval Timer Button during a count-down will cancel the function - after the end of the on-going count. To immediately stop the sequence, turn the camera power switch off.

5. To clear the interval mode (and turn off blinking INT on the LCD) press the Interval Button once, your preset time will remain in the interval timer memory for later use.

29. LEFT HAND SHUTTER RELEASE

Set the Interval Timer to 0 seconds to release shutter instantly when the Self-timer Button is pressed. It may now be used as a left-hand shutter release. (Figs. 94A, 94B)

30. B (BULB) SETTING

The B (Bulb) setting is used for shooting night scenes or other long exposure times.
1. Set the shutter speed to bulb by pressing the Up or Down Button. (Fig. 95)

2. When the Shutter Release Button is pressed, the shutter is kept open as long as the button remains depressed.
* A digital count of the exposure time will be shown on the Top LCD as long as the shutter release is held down. (Fig. 96)

* Use a tripod and Ricoh Electronic Cable Release for bulb photography to prevent the unintentional movement of camera. Before you plug the electronic cable release into the camera, turn
the Power Switch off.

3. Very long timed exposure may also be made by combining the bulb and interval timer functions. First, use the Up or Down Button to set the shutter speed to bulb.

4. Press and hold the INT Button; then use the Up or Down Button to set the desired length of your exposure time (up to 3600 sec.). A few seconds after the time has been entered the LCD will change back to bulb and the INT Indicator will be blinking.

5. Press the Self-timer Button or use the Ricoh electronic cable release, to begin the exposure. The display will now change to a count-down timer for the duration of the time entered, then the shutter will close.

* A long exposure may be terminated anytime during the exposure by pushing the camera power switch to OFF.

31. MORE EXCITING APPLICATIONS FOR THE CAMERA
WITH SPEEDLITE PX/300P/260P
(APERTURE-PRIORITY FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY)

When you add any of the above Ricoh dedicated flash systems, direct film metering is possible at all F-stops for total distance and creative depth -of-field control. For example, manually use F2 or F2.8 to take a distant subject or to reduce flash recycle time; or use F11 or F16 to increase your depth-of-field or work very close to your subject.

* Check the Viewfinder and flash indicator (300P/260P only) to verify that the flash exposed properly or while shooting. If the flash shot was made with correct exposure, the Viewfinder flash ready indicator blinks for about one second. When it does not blink, exposure is not correct.
Change conditions (F- stop, distance, etc.) and try again.
* You can also change program modes to suit the subject of your photograph.

1. Set the program mode to PD for increased depth-of- field, close up photography, etc. F-stop will be automatically set to F11. (Fig. 97)

2. Set the program mode to P for general flash photography. F-stop will be automatically set to F5.6.
(Fig. 98)

3. Set the program mode to PA for sports, car racing, etc., or a greater working (flash) range. F-stop will automatically be set to F2.8 (except, of course, on lenses with smaller maximum apertures). (Fig. 99)

* When the Speedlite 260P is used alone, the flash program mode is automatically set to P (even when you set the program mode to PD or PA). The flash ready indicator does not hi ink and the camera beep will not be heard even if the flash shot is made with correct exposure.

32. FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY WITH OTHER RICOH FLASH UNITS

Ricoh flash units such as the Speedlite 200 and 400 can be used with the camera when the shutter speed is set to AUTO. However, auto flash control will be done by the sensor on the flash unit. Direct off-the-film metering is not available.

* When the flash is fully charged, the flash ready indicator in the Viewfinder will light up (Fig. 100), as the ready lamp lights up on the flash itself.

* Shutter speed will be automatically set to 1/100 sec.

Setting F-stop Ring of the lens

With Speedlite 200: Set the F-stop Ring to R The camera selects proper F-stop number automatically.

With Speedlite 400: Manually set the F-stop Ring to the designated number.

* You may set shutter speed and F-stop manually but the shutter speed must be slower than 1/100 sec. If you select shutter speeds faster than 1/100 sec. while using these Ricoh flash systems the shutter speed will be automatically reset to 1/100 sec.

* Refer to Operating Instructions for each flash unit for additional details.

33. FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY WITH SPEEDLITE PX PLUS 300P

When the subject for the flash photography is distant, use dual flashes for extra power.
1. Attach both the Speedlite PX and 300P to the camera according to their Instruction Manuals.
2. Set the camera for program AE photography. (i.e. lens at P and shutter on AUTO) (Fig. 101)

3. Turn both flashes power switches on.

4. When both flashes are fully charged, the flash ready indicator blinks slowly.

5. Focus on the subject and press the Shutter Release Button.

34. FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY WITH NON-DEDICATED
FLASH UNITS (GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS)

1. Set the shutter speed to 1/60 sec. when a non-dedicated flash unit is used. (Fig. 102) Note: Such units cannot be used in auto mode. Set your F-stop according to the flash F-stop dictated by the flash and ISO speed of the film you are using.
* If flash is not equipped with hot shoe connection, it cannot be used.

* Dedicated flash units not designed for use with Ricoh cameras may provide incorrect exposures and/or equipment damage.

* The flash ready lamp does not light in the Viewfinder when a non-dedicated flash is used.

* Refer to Operating Instructions for individual flash units for further specific details.

35. FLASH IN DAYLIGHT

When taking pictures in back light, the subject is affected by strong background light and dark (underexposures) subjects may result. Properly lit pictures can easily be obtained by using flash even in daylight. This technique is known as fill-flash.

When the Speedlite PX, 300P or 260P are used on the camera, professional daylight fill-flash pictures can be automatically accomplished even by novice photographers. (Figs. 103,104)

With Speedlite PX:
1. Attach the flash unit on the camera

2. Set the camera to the program AE mode.

3. Turn the flash power switch on.

* When turning the flash power switch on in daylight, the Fill Flash Indicator (box with sun on left and lighting bolt), appears in the Viewfinder.

4. When fully charged, the flash ready indicator lights up on the back of the flash and in the Viewfinder. The shutter speed is set automatically to 1/100 sec. The F-stop will also be displayed. You can now shoot well exposed pictures, providing that you do not see an overexposure () mark.

* If the ambient light level dictates an unusually small aperture for correct over all exposure, the camera will automatically select and set it.
* If the camera's audio signal is turned on and there is sufficient ambient light for good average exposure, you will hear a beep each time the flash fires, irregardless of the level of fill-flash provided. (Fig. 105)

* When the flash shot is made with correct exposure, the flash ready indicator in the Viewfinder will blink. If it does not blink, change conditions and try shooting again.

* The ambient/fill-flash light ratio is programmed to be automatically set to 1:4.

With Speedlite 300P:
1. Attach the flash unit onto the camera and turn its power switch on.

Set the flash A/M (Auto/Manual) Selector to A.

2. Follow steps 2 - 4 (as shown above).

* When the flash shot is made with correct exposure, the flash ready indicator in the Viewfinder will blink. If it does not blink, change conditions and try again.

* The ambient/fill-flash light ratio is programmed to be automatically set to 1:2.

* The shutter speed (normally set to Auto) can be changed to any manual shutter speed (1/100 sec. or slower), to give correct exposure to the background in a room or other dark place.

With Speedllte 260P, 240 and 200

1. Attach the flash unit onto the camera.

2. Set the shutter speed to AUTO and set the F-stop to R

3. Turn the flash power switch on.

4. When fully charged, the flash ready light turns on.

* Remember that the aperture you select must not overexpose the film with ambient light when the shutter speed is set to 1/100 sec. or longer. In bright sunlight this may be avoided by using slower (lSO 100) films.

36. SHUTTER BIAS FLASH AE

This method uses a combination of program flash AE and shutter bias AE photography, when used with non-moving subjects, it allows intentionally long exposure times to record subjects (such as night scenes) under more natural available light, along with a supplemental flash exposure for extra illumination of a foreground subject. (Fig. 106)
1. Set the lens aperture to P. and the Program Selector Switch to P or PA. (PA will provide larger apertures and a more distant range.) (Fig. 107)

2. Set the shutter to any manual speed desired longer than 1/100 sec. The camera's computer will mix existing light and the light from the flash.
* The effect typically sought after is a natural-looking night scene with good detail visible in the foreground subject. Longer exposures can also allow moving light sources such as headlights, air planes, etc. in the background of your photograph. [Mike: these turn into streams of red tail lights or white headlights

37. P MOUNT ADAPTER

Conventional P-mount lenses (thread mount lens) can be used on the camera by using an optional P-mount adapter. General photography is available but operating conditions are some what limited.

A. Programmed exposures can not work (due to different lens coupling systems).

B. Any automatic diaphragm will not function. (Some lenses may remain wide open, while others
remain stopped down, depending on how they were designed.)

C. Automatic F-stop setting with the Speedlite PX flash unit will not occur.

Inserting and removing the adapter

1. Align the red dots and carefully fit the adapter into the body mount.

2. Use a ball-point pen, etc. to turn it clockwise until it locks in place.

3. To remove the adapter use a ball-point pen, etc. to press the spring inwards and turn the P-mount adapter counter clockwise to the limit. Lift it out carefully.

* Some thread mount lenses cannot be mounted on the camera.
Testing the fit of any lens you purchase for this camera is strongly recommended.

38. DIOPTRIC LENSES

The viewfinder eyepiece has a built-in -1 correction (suitable for most normal vision).

If a dioptric lens is fitted, you do not have to wear eye-glasses when taking pictures. Slip the lens in the groove in the finder eyepiece.

Dioptric lenses are available in 7 types: -4, -3, -2, -1, +1, +2 and +3 (Diopters)

Note: Some forms of astigmatism etc. may make dioptric eyepiece correction impossible. Please check with your vision specialist for a recommendation based on your prescription.
39. SUPER DATA BACK 4

One of the most versatile databacks offered anywhere, the Super Data Back 4 allows you to imprint a choice of date, time, or date plus time, and up to 10 characters from a choice of a full alphabet, a set of symbols and digits 0 - 9 in two lines. So, for example, you can record the date, time and place of a photograph when traveling, or make a note of birthdays and other special events.

It also incorporates a release timer, interval timer and very long exposure time controller, and gives you control over the number of exposures in a sequence to be made. (Fig. 108)

40. DATA BACK 3

When the Back Cover of the camera is replaced by the Data Back 3, "year, month and date", or "hour, minute" can be printed on your film.

The automatic dating mechanism is incorporated into the Data Back 3. Once the date is set, no adjustment is necessary until 2019, because leap years and months with 31 or less days are automatically adjusted. When the switch is turned OFF, it can be used as digital watch. (Fig 109)

41. INTERCHANGEABLE VIEWFINDER SCREENS

Ricoh offers a choice of 3 additional viewfinder screens to suit your needs or tastes. Each features Ricoh's Acu-Bright mat for optimum brightness and easier focusing in dim light. The XR-M mirror is multi-coated and the pentaprism is silver-vapor coated to provide the brightest possible viewing image.
(Figs. 110 A, 110-B, 110-C)

42. SPEEDLITE PX

The Speedlite PX is dedicated to the camera exposure is controlled TTL by measuring light off the film plane.
Its real advantage lies in the fact that because it mounts so conveniently, you can leave it on the camera at all times giving you the option of compensating for back lit situations by setting the camera to the Auto Fill Flash setting rather than the ABLC mode.

It offers a guide number of 12 (24 for fill flash) and thanks to its thyristor-type, energy efficient design, charges in approximately 3 seconds. (Fig. 111)

43. XR SPEEDLITE 300P

The XR Speedlite 300P unit provides full AE through-the-lens flash and simple daylight flash by measuring light off the film plane and simple pro-fill daylight flash photography. Lots of modes - Program Flash AE, Aperture Priority Flash AE, Shutter Bias Flash AE, Manual Flash and Program Daylight Synchronization - open up exciting creative possibilities and assure great results. (Fig. 112)

44. SPEEDLITE 260P

The Speedlite 260P provides full AE through-the-lens flash either day or night by measuring light off the film plane and works well with XR-M's many programmed modes. (Fig. 113)

45. SPEEDLITE 200

Flash a smile with the compact, lightweight Speedlight 200. Just slip it on the camera hot shoe. When fully charged, the flash-ready LED is visible in the viewfinder and the shutter speed is automatically set to 1/100 sec. for perfect exposures from 0.8—3.6m (2.15—11.8 ft). This easy-to-use strobe quickly recycles in 8 seconds and provides about 130 flashes on alkaline batteries. (Fig. 114)

46. CARE OF BATTERIES
1. Before installing, be sure to clean all moisture and skin oil off both battery contact surfaces in order to avoid future problems of corrosion and poor electrical contact.

2. Remove batteries when the camera is not used for a long period of time.

* Removal of the battery case may result in a loss of camera memory.
The film may also advance two or three frames when the batteries are replaced.

* Dispose of batteries properly. Do not throw them into fire or expose to high temperature.

47. PROPER CARE OF YOUR CAMERA
1. Do not touch lens or mirror surfaces with your fingers to clean them. Blow dust away with a blower or wipe gently with soft cloth. If you must clean the lens surface use only 1 drop of lens cleaning fluid on a camera lens tissue.

2. Excessive shock and humidity, or salt may make any camera malfunction. When you use the camera at the beach, in a corrosive atmosphere, or in a place where chemicals are used, carefully wipe it clean.

3. Do not expose camera and film to temperature extremes. 4. Do not leave your camera in a car at the beach, in the desert, or in other high temperature conditions to prevent possible damage.

5. When using a tripod, do not try to force a long screw into the socket. (The screw length should not extend more than 5.7 mm (1/4 ")

6. Do not store the camera near a television, radio or other strong magnetic source.

7. Store camera in a humidity and dust free place.

48. MAJOR SPECIFICATIONS

Type: 35mm SLR with focal plane shutter and automatic electronic exposure control

Photographic Modes: Multi-program automatic exposure mode, aperture-priority automatic exposure mode, shutter bias automatic exposure mode, TV mode, TTL auto flash mode and manual mode

Film Format: 35mm film, 24 x 36mm

Lens Mount: Ricoh system R-K mount

Shutter: Electrically controlled, vertically moving focal plane shutter
Automatic: 30 sec. to 1/2000 sec.
Manual: 16 sec. to 1/2000 sec.
TV
B - selectable operating time from 1 sec. to one hour

Self Timer: Operating time:
1. 10 seconds
2. 0 seconds - shutter release with left hand
3. Selectable - from 1 sec. to one hour with blinking LED and audible signal

Interval Timer: Photography at regular intervals. Selectable interval time from 1 sec.. to one hour

Viewfinder: Field of view covers 91% horizontally and vertically

Magnification: 0.80X (with 50mm F1.4 standard lens)

Viewfinder Display: AE lock, exposure compensation, fill flash mode, auto back light control mode, spot metering mode, average metering mode, underexposure mark, shutter speed indicator, long time exposure, manual, aperture-priority, P mode, TV mode, overexposure mark, remaining frame, programmed f-stop number, flash ready indicator and correct auto flash indicator

Focusing: Diagonal split-image spot in microprism band

Focusing Screen: Interchangeable screens are available optionally

Exposure Metering System: Three selectable TTL full open metering systems

1. Center-weighted average metering

2. Auto backlight control metering

3. Spot area metering

Exposure Coupling Range: EV 0 -18 (with ISO 100 film, 50mm F1.4 standard lens)

Flash Terminal: X synchro contact on the hot shoe, and synchro socket for Speedlite PX

Flash Modes: Full AE TTL metering with Speedlite 300P, 260P and PX
1. Program flash AE
2. Aperture-priority flash AE

3. Shutter bias flash AE (except 260P)

4. Program fill flash AE (except 260P)

5. Multiple flash AE And

6. Manual Flash

Exposure Compensation : Exposure adjustment system (+ 4 to - 4 in 1/3 increments)

Film Loading: Ricoh Auto-Load system. Automatic 1st frame setting

Film Advance: Automatic with a built-in motor. Two selectable modes; S (single)
and C (continuous approx. 3 fps)

Film Rewind: Automatic reverse at the end of film. Manual rewind is possible

Program Preview Button: Electronic program preview button is provided

Remote Control: Remote control socket is provided

Back Cover: Removable

LCD Display: P mode, P mode indicator, TV mode, film loaded, film advance, film taken up onto
film take-up spool, exposure counter, film reverse, film reverse completion, exposure
compensation mark, interval mode, ISO, number of exposures of film (when DX film is used),
DX, shutter speed, film speed, selected exposure compensation, selected time
(self-timer, bulb, interval), film advance mode (S/C), battery indication (good, alarm,
low and low for flash)

Power Source: Four AA batteries. AAA battery holder (4 x AAA batteries) is available optionally

Dimensions: 151 (W) x 91 (H) x 51 (D) mm (5.9" x 3.6" x 2.0") (with AA battery holder)

Weight: 510g (18.0 oz) (body only with AA battery holder

* Specifications and appearance of this camera are subject to change without notice

Shutter Speed	Program Selector	System of TV	Country
TV	PAL	PAL or SECAM	in Europe
	NTSC	NTSC	In U.S. & Japan
	CRT	Still TV images (Used for computers, etc.)

	3. Turn the F-stop Ring to P (Fig. 81)
	* Indicators for TV mode, shutter speed and F-stop are also shown on the Viewfinder LCD. (Fig. 82)

	2. Press the AE Lock Button once to memorize the exposure. (Fig. 86)
	A flickering AEL is now displayed on the Viewfinder LCD. (Fig. 87)

SUBJECT	EXPOSURE ADJUSTMENT
Figures in back light Scenery with much sky	+4 to +1
Figures with snow mountains or sea on the background	+ 1
Figures in spot light (on stage etc.)	- 4 to - 1